The shift from smiling as a reflexive behavior to a voluntary ...

[craiczarry]

The shift from smiling as a reflexive behavior to a voluntary response coincides with the infant's developing ability to
 
  a. convey basic emotional states.
  b. initiate goal-directed behaviors.
  c. incorporate crying into the communication system.
  d. display complex emotions.

Question 2

What challenges do researchers gathering information using the structured interview or questionnaire technique face?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[ebenov]

Answer to Question 1

B

Answer to Question 2

Researchers should take into account the fact that children may not always answer questions truthfully. Also, the researcher must be aware that systematic comparisons and unbiased interpretations may be difficult.

[craiczarry]

Thank you!

[ebenov]

Happy to help