The final step in the cascade model of substance abuse involves ...

[shofmannx20]

The final step in the cascade model of substance abuse involves
 
  a. having a parent who abuses drugs.
  b. being in a deviant peer group in which one is reinforced for drug use.
  c. peer rejection at school.
  d. frustrated parents giving up trying to monitor or supervise the behavior of a deviant child.

Question 2

The initial step in the cascade model of substance abuse involves
 
  a. exposure to harsh parenting.
  b. development of conduct problems.
  c. being a child who is at risk due to a difficult temperament.
  d. being born into a family environment characterized by poverty and substance abuse.

[meganlapinski]

Answer to Question 1

b

Answer to Question 2

c