Answer to Question 1
The element of motion includes actual movement, and when employed in a sculpture it is kinetic. Actual movement in sculpture creates an additional level to the viewer's experience.
Answer to Question 2
Horizontal, vertical, and diagonal lines in a two-dimensional artwork contribute to the direction and movement in the composition. Horizontal and vertical lines convey a sense of calm and stability, whereas diagonal lines suggest action and tension. Thomas Eakins' The Biglin Brothers Racing is stabilized by the long, calm horizontal of the distant shore. In The Raft of the Medusa, virtually all the lines in the composition are diagonal. Gricault uses them to create two conflicting centers of interest, thus increasing the tension of the scene.
