Answer to Question 1
Standard parts of a business letter are:
Heading: Shows the company letterhead with company name, address, telephone and/or fax number, logo, and dateline. If no company letter head is used, it shows the writer's street address, the city and state, the 9-digit ZIP Code, and the dateline.
Letter address: Shows the name of the person to whom the letter is being sent, the title and the company (if appropriate), and address.
Salutation: Is the greeting that opens a letter, such as Dear Mr. Smith.
Body: Contains the message of the letter.
Complimentary close: Is a phrase used to close a letter, as if to say good-bye.
Signature block: Consists of the writer's name and title (if applicable).
Reference initials: Consists of the keyboard operator's initials keyed in lowercase a double space below the signature block; initials can be omitted if the author is also the one who keyboarded the document.
Answer to Question 2
Emoticons are a way to lighten the mood, add emotion, and compensate for lost nonverbal cues. Some communicators feel that emoticons are childish and inappropriate for serious email. They may also be confusing. Their use should be governed by the relationship with the receiver and the situation, and moderation is recommended.