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In 2010, opiate painkllers, such as morphine, OxyContin®, and Vicodin®, were tied to almost 60% of drug overdose deaths.
Cocaine was isolated in 1860 and first used as a local anesthetic in 1884. Its first clinical use was by Sigmund Freud to wean a patient from morphine addiction. The fictional character Sherlock Holmes was supposed to be addicted to cocaine by injection.
To prove that stomach ulcers were caused by bacteria and not by stress, a researcher consumed an entire laboratory beaker full of bacterial culture. After this, he did indeed develop stomach ulcers, and won the Nobel Prize for his discovery.
About 80% of major fungal systemic infections are due to Candida albicans. Another form, Candida peritonitis, occurs most often in postoperative patients. A rare disease, Candida meningitis, may follow leukemia, kidney transplant, other immunosuppressed factors, or when suffering from Candida septicemia.
The average human gut is home to perhaps 500 to 1,000 different species of bacteria.
![Patients should be encouraged to bring to their health care visit all the substances that they take,](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_2137_17_05_12_2_10_44.jpeg)
![Patients should be encouraged to bring to their health care visit all the substances that they take,](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_18099_13_09_12_10_00_26.jpeg)