Answer to Question 1
Utilitarian thinkers believe that the right decision maximizes overall happiness and minimizes overall pain.
Deontological thinkers believe that the ends do not justify the means. Rather, it is important to do the right thing, no matter the result.
With his categorical imperative, Kant argued that you should not do something unless you would be willing to have everyone else do it too.
John Rawls asked us to consider rules we would propose for society if we did not know how lucky we would be in life's lottery. He called this situation the veil of ignorance.
Under the Front Page Test, you ask yourself what you would do if your actions were going to be reported publicly online or offline.
Answer to Question 2
B
