Answer to Question 1
ANS: B
The primary clinical manifestation of stress-related mucosal disease is bleeding, which is uncom-mon, but occurs more readily with the presence of coagulopathy and more than 48 hours of me-chanical ventilation. None of the other options is associated with stress ulcers.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: B
Peptic ulcer disease is caused by breaks in the mucosa and the presence of corrosive substances. High gastrin occurs, but the disease is due to breaks in the mucosa. Vagal activity increases. Gas-tric erosions occur, but they are not due to high ammonia.