A patient presents with altered respiratory patterns following ...

[Shelles]

A patient presents with altered respiratory patterns following head trauma. Based on the symp-toms, which of the following areas does the nurse suspect is injured?
 
  a. Cerebrum
  b. Cerebellum
  c. Midbrain
  d. Reticular formation

Question 2

A nurse recalls that characteristics of upper motor neurons include:
 
  a. directly innervating muscles.
  b. influencing and modifying spinal reflex arcs.
  c. cell bodies located in the gray matter of the spinal cord.
  d. dendritic processes extending out of the CNS.

[Yixagurpuldink]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
The reticular formation is a large network of diffuse nuclei that control vital reflexes, such as those controlling cardiovascular function and respiration. Respiratory function is not controlled by the cerebrum, cerebellum, or midbrain.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Upper motor neurons are completely contained within the CNS. Their primary roles are control-ling fine motor movement and influencing/modifying spinal reflex arcs and circuits. They do not innervate muscles. Lower motor neurons interact with gray matter. Dendrites are part of neurons.