Author Question: A 3-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes. Her parents are currently receiving ... (Read 83 times)

pepyto · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

A 3-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes. Her parents are currently receiving education from the diabetes education nurse.

How can the nurse best explain to the parents the etiology (cause) of their daughter's diabetes?
A)
The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the cells in her pancreas that produce insulin.
B)
It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped making insulin, and treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her diet.
C)
This tendency to produce insufficient amounts of insulin is likely something that she inherited.
D)
Environmental and lifestyle factors are known to play a part in the fact that her pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times.

Question 2

A nurse practitioner is providing care for a male client with a long-standing hiatal hernia. Which of the following statements most accurately captures an aspect of the pathophysiology of hiatal hernias?

A)
Paraesophageal hiatal hernias are common and are normally not treated if the client is asymptomatic.
B)
The root causes of hiatal hernias are normally treatable with medication.
C)
If esophageal acid clearance is impaired, esophagitis can result.
D)
An incompetent pyloric sphincter and high-fat diet are commonly implicated in the development of hiatal hernias.

joneynes · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
A

Feedback:

Type 1A, or immune-mediated, diabetes involves the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells and a consequent absolute lack of insulin. Exogenous insulin required as dietary control alone is insufficient. The central problem is an absolute lack of insulin production rather than deranged release.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
C

Feedback:

Erosive esophagitis can be a complication of hiatal hernias if esophageal acid clearance is significantly impaired. Paraesophageal hiatal hernias are more serious than the sliding variety and require treatment. The root cause of hiatal hernias, herniation of the stomach through the diaphragm, is not normally amenable to treatment with medication. The pyloric sphincter is not associated with hiatal hernias.