Author Question: A 34-year-old male client has diagnoses of liver failure, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy ... (Read 88 times)

lunatika · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

A 34-year-old male client has diagnoses of liver failure, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy secondary to alcohol abuse.

The client's family is questioning the care team as to why his abdomen is so large even though he is undernourished and emaciated. Which of the following statements most accurately underlies the explanation that a member of the care team would provide the family?
A)
An inordinate amount of interstitial fluid is accumulating his abdomen.
B)
The transcellular component of the intracellular fluid compartment contains far more fluid than normal.
C)
Normally small transcellular fluid compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged.
D)
Gravity-dependent plasma is accumulating in his peritoneal cavity.

Question 2

A 55-year-old man has been diagnosed with a gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), in which the function of his lower esophageal sphincter is compromised. Which of the following consequences of this condition is most likely to occur?

A)
Decreased absorption of ingested foods and fluids
B)
Impaired control of the gastric emptying rate
C)
Protrusion of the stomach or regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus
D)
Inappropriate release of gastric enzymes

trampas · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C

Feedback:

Ascites is characterized by an accumulation of fluid in the transcellular component of the ECF, not ICF. The fluid is not categorized as belonging to the plasma component of the ECF.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
C

Feedback:

Given that the role of the lower esophageal sphincter is to control the exchange of foods and fluids, a deficit is likely to allow the stomach contents, or the stomach itself, to protrude into the esophagus. Absorption is unlikely to be directly affected, and the sphincter is not responsible for controlling gastric emptying or enzyme secretion.