A patient in the ICU has been diagnosed with hypovolemic shock. ...

[RODY.ELKHALIL]

A patient in the ICU has been diagnosed with hypovolemic shock. His BP is 88/53, heart rate 122, and respiratory rate 26. Given these vital signs, the nurse should expect the urine output to be
 
  A)
  maintained between 30 and 50 mL/hour with no sediment in the bag.
  B)
  increased to 60+ mL/hour with dilute urine.
  C)
  decreased below 30 mL/hour with decreased GFR.
  D)
  the patient's normal amount with dark, concentrated urine.

Question 2

A 21-year-old male client has suffered a head injury during a crash on his motorcycle, and a deficit that assessments have revealed is an impaired swallowing mechanism. He has also developed aspiration pneumonia.
 
  Which of the following statements most accurately captures an aspect of his condition?
  A)
  His vocal folds are likely not performing their normal function.
  B)
  His epiglottis is covering his larynx.
  C)
  His vocal folds have been compromised.
  D)
  His tracheobronchial tree is intermittently obstructed.

[carojassy25]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C

Feedback:

Under conditions of decreased perfusion or increased sympathetic nervous system stimulation, blood flow is redistributed away from the cortex toward the medulla. This redistribution of blood flow decreased glomerular filtration while maintaining the urine-concentrating ability of the kidneys, a factor that is important during conditions such as shock. The urine output would not increase, nor be normal.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
A

Feedback:

The vocal folds contribute to blocking of the airways during swallowing; compromise to this function is likely to allow food to enter the lungs. The epiglottis is performing its normal, protective role against aspiration when it covers the larynx, and the vocal folds contribute to sound enunciation, not swallowing or protection against aspiration. Tracheobronchial obstruction would not contribute to aspiration.

[RODY.ELKHALIL]

TYSM

[peter]

Excellent