Author Question: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends screening people at high risk for ... (Read 89 times)

sammy · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends screening people at high risk for TB.

List five populations at high risk for developing active disease.

Question 2

Describe the two methods of TB screening.

I need two of them please

Chelseyj.hasty · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Medically underserved populations
Recent immigrants from countries with high prevalence of TB
Persons who have spent time with someone who has TB
Alcoholics and intravenous (IV) drug abusers
Residents and staff of acute and long-term care facilities, prisons, detention facilities, homeless
shelters, and residential facilities.
Those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or another chronic disease associated
with immunosuppression.
Medical personnel who work in mycobacteriology laboratories.

Answer to Question 2

The preferred method is a TB skin test (Mantoux two-step) performed by injecting 0.1 mL of PPD
(5 tuberculin units) intradermally in the dorsal surface of the left arm using a 27-gauge needle on
a tuberculin syringe. A discrete pale elevation of the skin (wheal) should be produced. The person
then returns 48 to 72 hours later to be assessed for a reaction on the arm. This method is required
for screening employees and volunteers who are working in or are applying for work at clinics, and
for persons born in TB-endemic countries.

TB blood tests (also called interferon-gamma release assays or IGRAs) measure how the immune
system reacts to the bacteria that cause TB. A TB blood test requires only one visit to draw blood
for the test. Two IGRAs are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and are available
in the United States: the QuantiFERONTB Gold In-Tube test (QFT-GIT) and the T-SPOT.TB test
(T-Spot).