Author Question: The patient comes to the emergency room complaining of abdominal pain. The nurse assesses dry, hot ... (Read 93 times)

jho37 · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

The patient comes to the emergency room complaining of abdominal pain. The nurse assesses dry, hot skin, fruity breath, and deep respirations. To which problem should the nurse attribute these findings?

a. An insulin reaction
b. Ketoacidosis
c. Rebound hyperglycemia
d. Hypoglycemia

Question 2

The nurse has just administered a new antibiotic to a patient. Which manifestation is the best early indicator that the patient may be experiencing an anaphylactic reaction?

a. Wheezing
b. Shortness of breath
c. Difficulty swallowing
d. Angioedema

kaykay69 · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

B
Abdominal pain with dry, hot skin, fruity breath, and deep respirations is characteristic of ketoa-cidosis. Manifestations of an insulin reaction, or hypoglycemia, include tremulousness, hunger, headache, pallor, sweating, palpitations, blurred vision, and weakness. Rebound hyperglycemia, or the Somogyi effect, follows a period of hypoglycemia, often during sleep. When hypoglyce-mia occurs, the body secretes glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol to counteract the effects of low blood sugar. The patient may report nightmares and night sweats along with morning elevated serum glucose; if the patient increases the insulin dose, it worsens the problem.

Answer to Question 2

D
The appearance of hives (urticaria) or swelling beneath the skin (angioedema) may signal the onset of an anaphylactic episode. Wheezing, shortness of breath, and difficulty swallowing are later signs of anaphylaxis.