Answer to Question 1
B
Giving pain medication and explaining the importance of coughing may be effective, but the best initial action would be splinting the incision with a pillow. Deep breathing should be done in ad-dition to, not in place of, coughing.
Answer to Question 2
C
Smoking delays healing because it causes a decrease in hemoglobin; hemoglobin carries oxygen to cells and tissues, which is necessary for wound healing.