Answer to Question 1
Correct Answer: 1
After reviewing the patient's laboratory test results, the nurse would accurately determine that the patient has developed pneumonia. It is expected that the nurse would encourage the patient to increase fluid intake to 25003000 mL per day because this will help liquefy the secretions in the lungs. This will make it easier to cough the secretions up and expectorate them. The nurse would not expect the physician to write an order for a fluid restriction. The patient may require the administration of acetylcysteine to help break up the patient's thick secretions to make them easier to expectorate. Endotracheal suctioning may be required if the patient's cough is ineffective. Azithromycin is a macrolide, which is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is often effective against pneumonia.
Answer to Question 2
Correct Answer: 4
This patient most likely has SARS. At this time, no medications have been shown to be consistently effective in treating SARS. Standard precautions are implemented along with contact and airborne precautions. Healthcare providers and public health personnel should report cases of SARS to state and local health departments. The disease is less severe in children than in adults.
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Areas of sclerosis (see arrows) in the white matter of a patient with MS.