The nurse is preparing educational materials for a client with ...

[ss2343]

The nurse is preparing educational materials for a client with hypertension. Which dietary changes should the nurse focus when preparing this material?
 
  Select all that apply.
  A) Avoiding all sodium in the diet
  B) Explaining the effects of sodium on blood pressure
  C) Teaching how to read nutritional labels
  D) Recognizing foods that are low in sodium
  E) Using the DASH eating plan

Question 2

The nurse is providing care to a client who has a tracheostomy. The nurse will monitor the client for complications related to the loss of which protective mechanism?
 
  A) The ability to cough
  B) Filtration and humidification of inspired air
  C) Decrease in oxygen-carrying capacity of the trachea
  D) The sneeze reflex initiated by irritants in the nasal passages

[stillxalice]

Answer to Question 1

Answer: B, C, D, E

Sodium is important in the diet, and not all sodium should be avoided; however, in some people, an increase in sodium intake leads to fluid retention and increases blood pressure. The nurse should prepare to teach the client how to read nutritional labels, how to identify foods that are low in sodium, and the DASH eating plan.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: B

When the nasal passages are bypassed, as they would be in the case of a client with a tracheostomy, the filtration, humidification, and warming of the nasal passages are also bypassed. The client can still cough and sneeze, and there is no decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the trachea.