A client tells the nurse about being diagnosed with ...

[saliriagwu]

A client tells the nurse about being diagnosed with osteoarthritis but does not know what that means. When responding to the client's question, which information will the nurse use?
 
  A) Most commonly seen in thin, small-built female clients
  B) A result of synovial inflammation
  C) Erosion of joint articular cartilage with new bone formation in the joint space
  D) A metabolic bone disease

Question 2

During an outpatient clinic follow-up appointment, a client with multiple sclerosis (MS) has lab tests completed.
 
  The results show elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). What is the priority concern for the nurse?
  Select all that apply.
  A) Adverse response to Avonex
  B) Adverse response to Aubagio
  C) Flare-up due to demyelination
  D) Adverse response to bisacodyl
  E) Damage from viral infection

[milbourne11]

Answer to Question 1

Answer: C

Osteoarthritis is characterized by progressive erosion of the cartilage within joints, which is then replaced by new bone in the joint spaces. Metabolic bone diseases include osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and Paget disease. Obesity is associated with osteoarthritis. Thin body size is associated with osteoporosis. Osteoarthritis is a non-inflammatory joint disease. Rheumatoid arthritis is a joint disease that involves synovial inflammation.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: A, B

AST, SGOT, ALT, SGPT and ALP are liver enzymes that are monitored to detect adverse response to the medications Avonex and Aubagio. Flare-ups due to demyelination do not cause liver enzymes to increase. Bisacodyl is a stool softener used for constipation in MS and does not cause liver enzymes to elevate. Incomplete evidence links viral infection to the risk of MS. There is no reason to attribute elevated liver enzymes to viral exposure.