Answer to Question 1
ANS: D
Normal urine osmolality ranges from 300 to 900 mOsm/L. This client's urine is more concentrated, indicating dehydration. The nurse should encourage the client to drink more water. Dehydration can be associated with elevated serum sodium levels. Although a low-sodium diet may be appropriate for this client, this diet change will not have a significant impact on urine osmolality. A diuretic would increase urine output and decrease urine osmolality further. Low serum sodium levels, not elevated serum levels, place the client at risk for seizure activity. These options would further contribute to the client's dehydration or elevate the osmolality.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: A, B, D
When planning care for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, the nurse should collaborate with a registered dietitian, clinical pharmacist, and health care provider. The focus of treatment for a newly diagnosed client would be nutrition, medication therapy, and education. The nurse could also consult with a diabetic educator. There is no need for occupational therapy or speech therapy at this time.
The tone of the nurse-patient introduction sets the stage for the patient interview and patient care
Testing the Chemical Characteristics of Urine with Reagent Strips
Use a step stool to help an infirm client get on and off the table.
Testing patellar reflex, client in a sitting position
Results of disrupted control of skeletal muscles
The Meselson–Stahl experimental results