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In 1864, the first barbiturate (barbituric acid) was synthesized.
Multiple experimental evidences have confirmed that at the molecular level, cancer is caused by lesions in cellular DNA.
As the western states of America were settled, pioneers often had to drink rancid water from ponds and other sources. This often resulted in chronic diarrhea, causing many cases of dehydration and death that could have been avoided if clean water had been available.
Prostaglandins were first isolated from human semen in Sweden in the 1930s. They were so named because the researcher thought that they came from the prostate gland. In fact, prostaglandins exist and are synthesized in almost every cell of the body.
The first oral chemotherapy drug for colon cancer was approved by FDA in 2001.