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It is difficult to obtain enough calcium without consuming milk or other dairy foods.
Human kidneys will clean about 1 million gallons of blood in an average lifetime.
Illicit drug use costs the United States approximately $181 billion every year.
It is believed that the Incas used anesthesia. Evidence supports the theory that shamans chewed cocoa leaves and drilled holes into the heads of patients (letting evil spirits escape), spitting into the wounds they made. The mixture of cocaine, saliva, and resin numbed the site enough to allow hours of drilling.
Vital signs (blood pressure, temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate) should be taken before any drug administration. Patients should be informed not to use tobacco or caffeine at least 30 minutes before their appointment.
![Hemodialysis. The process of hemodialysis replaces the kidney function of blood filtration by forcin](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_26_10_12_5_21_06_9669398.jpeg)
![Renal transplant. A transplanted kidney is placed within the pelvic cavity below the location of the](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_26_10_12_5_21_06_96721064.jpeg)