Concerning the infant's practice of sucking on things for pleasure (as well as nipples for nutrition), nurses should be able to advise parents that:
1. thumbsucking should be discouraged by age 2.
2. padded nipple pacifiers often improvised in hospitals can be used safely at home.
3. nonnutritive sucking has led to weight gain in preterm infants.
4. in the long run, thumbsucking leads to increased crying.
Question 2
Regarding the noncontraceptive medical effects of oral contraceptive pills (COCs), nurses should be aware that:
1. they can cause toxic shock syndrome if the prescription is wrong.
2. hormonal withdrawal bleeding usually is a bit more profuse than in normal men-struation and will last a week.
3. they increase the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer.
4. their effectiveness can be altered by some over-the-counter medications and her-bal supplements.