Answer to Question 1
D
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A Smoking may impair milk production. When the products of tobacco are broken down, they cross over into the breast milk. Tobacco also results in a reduction of the antiinfective properties of breast milk.
B Research supports that mothers should not smoke within 2 hours before a feed-ing.
C The effects of secondhand smoke on infants include sudden infant death syn-drome.
D For all of the above reasons, the new mother should be encouraged not to smoke. If she continues to smoke, she should be encouraged to always smoke in a room away from the baby.
Answer to Question 2
1
Rationale:
1. At this age, the information might be new to the child. Involving the parents might entail a preprogram discussion by the parents with the child, or giving the parents a guide to discuss and reinforce later. If the parents and child are able to communicate about the changes, this will promote communication throughout the rest of the growth of the child.
2. The children might not be comfortable having their parents present during the program.
3. Having boys and girls together for this information might be embarrassing or stressful for this aged child.
4. Some children would be unable to attend after school.
Nurse-patient interaction; nonverbal communication
The nurse is using Standard Precautions to draw blood.
The nurse can make observations about the patient's general appearance while talking with the p
Joseph Moore and His Family (1839), by Erastus Salisbury Field, reflects the emerging middle-class f
A little girl talking to her mother, who looks amused.
Georges Seurat, The Artist's Mother.