Which collection of risk factors most likely would result in ...

[altibaby]

Which collection of risk factors most likely would result in damaging lacerations (including episiotomies)?
 
  a. A dark-skinned woman who has had more than one pregnancy, who is going through prolonged second-stage labor, and who is attended by a midwife
  b. A reddish-haired mother of two who is going through a breech birth
  c. A dark-skinned, first-time mother who is going through a long labor
  d. A first-time mother with reddish hair whose rapid labor was overseen by an obstetrician

Question 2

Concerning the third stage of labor, nurses should be aware that:
 
  a. The placenta eventually detaches itself from a flaccid uterus.
  b. An expectant or active approach to managing this stage of labor reduces the risk of complications.
  c. It is important that the dark, roughened maternal surface of the placenta appear before the shiny fetal surface.
  d. The major risk for women during the third stage is a rapid heart rate.

[sailorcrescent]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Reddish-haired women have tissue that is less distensible than that of darker-skinned women and therefore may have less efficient healing. First time mothers are also more at risk, especially with breech births, long second-stage labors, or rapid labors in which there is insufficient time for the perineum to stretch. The rate of episiotomies is higher when obstetricians rather than midwives attend births.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Active management facilitates placental separation and expulsion, thus reducing the risk of complications. The placenta cannot detach itself from a flaccid (relaxed) uterus. Which surface of the placenta comes out first is not clinically important. The major risk for women during the third stage of labor is postpartum hemorrhage.

[altibaby]

Excellent

[yeungji]

TYSM