Answer to Question 1
ANS: D
If the parents cannot stay with the child, they should leave favorite articles from home with the child, such as a blanket, toy, bottle, feeding utensil, or article of clothing. Because young children associate such inanimate objects with significant people, they gain comfort and reassurance from these possessions. They make the association that if the parents left this, the parents will surely return. Bringing a new toy would not help with the separation. The parent should not leave when the child is distracted, and toddlers would not understand when the parent should return because time is not a concept they understand.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: D
For young children, particularly infants and toddlers, preserving parentchild contact is a good way of decreasing stress or the need for physical restraint during an assessment. For example, much of a patient's physical examination can be done with the patient in a parent's lap with the parent providing reassuring and comforting contact. The initial action would be to begin the assessment while the child is in his father's lap.
A fixed action pattern as an example of innate behaviour.
Calcitonin action
In middle childhood, children spend increasing amounts of time with peers and friends.
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The Decline of Two-Parent Families
Mechanisms of action of adrenergic agonists: (1) stimulation of the release of NE; (2) increased ...