ANS: C Children with SCA have impaired kidney function and cannot ...

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ANS: C Children with SCA have impaired kidney function and cannot concentrate urine. Parents are taught signs of dehydration and ways to minimize loss of fluid to the environment. Encouraging drinking is not specific enough for parents. The nurse should g
 
  a. It is an acquired hemolytic anemia.
  b. Inadequate numbers of red blood cells (RBCs) are present.
  c. Increased incidence occurs in families of Mediterranean extraction.
  d. It commonly occurs in individuals from West Africa.

Question 2

Iron overload is a side effect of chronic transfusion therapy. What treatment assists in minimizing this complication?
 
  a. Magnetic therapy
  b. Infusion of deferoxamine
  c. Hemoglobin electrophoresis
  d. Washing red blood cells (RBCs) to reduce iron

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Individuals who live near the Mediterranean Sea and their descendants have the highest incidence of thalassemia. Thalassemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder. An overproduction of RBCs occurs. Although numerous, the red blood cells are relatively unstable. Sickle cell disease is common in blacks of West African descent.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Deferoxamine infusions in combination with vitamin C allow the iron to remain in a more chelatable form. The iron can then be excreted more easily. Use of magnets does not remove additional iron from the body. Hemoglobin electrophoresis is used to confirm the diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies; it does not affect iron overload. Washed RBCs remove white blood cells and other proteins from the unit of blood; they do not affect the iron concentration.

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