Which heart sound is produced by vibrations within the heart ...

[sjones]

Which heart sound is produced by vibrations within the heart chambers or in the major arteries from the back-and-forth flow of blood?
 
  a. S1 and S2
  b. S3 and S4
  c. Murmur
  d. Physiologic splitting

Question 2

When auscultating an infant's lungs, the nurse detects diminished breath sounds. What should the nurse interpret this as?
 
  a. Suggestive of chronic pulmonary disease
  b. Suggestive of impending respiratory failure
  c. An abnormal finding warranting investigation
  d. A normal finding in infants younger than 1 year of age

[lindahyatt42]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Murmurs are the sounds that are produced in the heart chambers or major arteries from the back-and-forth flow of blood. S1 and S2 are normal heart sounds. S1 is the closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves, and S2 is the closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves. S3 is a normal heart sound sometimes heard in children. S4 is rarely heard as a normal heart sound. If it is heard, medical evaluation is required. Physiologic splitting is the distinction of the two sounds in S2, which widens on inspiration. It is a significant normal finding.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
Absent or diminished breath sounds are always an abnormal finding. Fluid, air, or solid masses in the pleural space all interfere with the conduction of breath sounds. Further data are necessary for diagnosis of chronic pulmonary disease or impending respiratory failure. Diminished breath sounds in certain segments of the lungs can alert the nurse to pulmonary areas that may benefit from chest physiotherapy. Further evaluation is needed in all age groups.

[sjones]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[brbarasa]

Excellent