Answer to Question 1
ANS: A, B, D, E
Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign of pregnancy, meaning that the same signs can be caused by conditions other than pregnancy. Amenorrhea can be caused by chronic illness; endocrine, metabolic, or psychological factors; or infection.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: A, B, E
Positive signs of pregnancy are those attributable only to the presence of a fetus and include fetal heartbeat, fetal movement palpated by an examiner, and the visualization of a fetus. A positive pregnancy test and intermittent uterine contractions are presumptive signs of pregnancy and may be caused by other conditions. A positive pregnancy test can be caused by certain medications, premature menopause, choriocarcinoma, or blood in the urine. Intermittent uterine contractions (Braxton Hicks contractions) can be caused by uterine leiomyomas or other tumors.