Answer to Question 1
B
Answer to Question 2
Cultural and social differences among nations can have significant effects on marketing activities. Because marketing activities are primarily social in purpose, they are influenced by beliefs and values regarding family, religion, education, health, and recreation. Local preferences, tastes, and idioms can all prove complicated for international marketers. It can be difficult to transfer marketing symbols, trademarks, logos, and even products to international markets, especially if these are associated with objects that have profound religious or cultural significance in a particular culture. Cultural differences may also affect marketing negotiations and decision-making behavior. Buyers' perceptions of other countries can influence product adoption and use. Multiple research studies have found that consumer preferences for products depend on both the country of origin and the product category of competing products. When people are unfamiliar with products from another country, their perceptions of the country as a whole may affect their attitude toward the product and influence whether they will buy it. If a country has a reputation for producing quality products and therefore has a positive image in consumers' minds, marketers of products from that country will want to make the country of origin well known. The extent to which a product's brand image and country of origin influence purchases is subject to considerable variation based on national culture characteristics.
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