The perspective used by producers and manufacturers with respect ...

[ahriuashd]

The perspective used by producers and manufacturers with respect to channel design is one of a firm looking:
 a. Down the channel toward the market.
  b. Up the channel away from the market.
  c. Both down and up the channel.
  d. Toward and away from the market.
  e. At changes in the environment.

Question 2

Which international marketing strategy carries the greatest level of risk?
 a. Joint ventures c. Branch offices
  b. Wholly-owned subsidiaries d. Licensing

[miss.ashley]

Answer to Question 1

A

Answer to Question 2

B
All forms of international marketing contain some level of risk. However, wholly-owned subsidiaries carry the greatest level of risk. A nationalization attempt on the part of the local government could leave the company with nothing but a tax write-off. This may be found in the Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries section (8-3g).