The phenomenon in which a test taker exerts less effort to ...

[bobthebuilder]

The phenomenon in which a test taker exerts less effort to protect their self-worth when faced with the expectation that they may not perform well is referred to as
 
  a. the biasing effect
  b. self-handicapping
  c. stereotype threat
  d. the expectancy effect

Question 2

A measure of how much scores within a distribution differ among themselves is the
 
  a. mean.
 b. frequency.
  c. variance.
 d. median.

[poopface]

Answer to Question 1

b

Answer to Question 2

c

[bobthebuilder]

Thank you!

[poopface]

Happy to help