What kinds of participants in a crowd did Turner and Killian ...

[melly21297]

What kinds of participants in a crowd did Turner and Killian (1987) identify?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

What are the two key distinctions between U.S. and European democracies?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[abctaiwan]

Answer to Question 1

(1) The ego-involvedthey feel a personal stake in the unusual event. (2) The concernedthey also have a personal interest in the event, but less than the ego-involved. (3) The insecurethey care little about the matter, but join the crowd because it gives them a sense of power, security, or belonging. (4) The curious spectatorsthey care little about the matter, but are simply curious about what is going on. (5) The exploitersthey donot care about the event at all, but use it for their own purposes, such as selling hotdogs.

Answer to Question 2

(1) In Europe, proportional representation is used.Seats in the legislature are divided according to the proportion of votes that each party receives. If one party receives 16 of the votes, then that party gets 16 of the seats in the legislature.In the United States, a simple majority determines who is seated in the legislature.A candidate with 49 of the votes loses, and a candidate with 51 of the votes wins. (2) In Europe, proportional representation encourages minority parties.In the United States, the winner-take-all system discourages minority parties.