Stephen is a manager who spends a considerable portion of the day reading business magazines and the Wall Street Journal. What is the most legitimate reason for this use of Stephen's time?
a. He is about to be pruned and looking for a job.
b. Managers need to remain alert to changes in the environment of their firm.
c. He is looking for new theories of management to use.
d. He is avoiding conflict with his supervisors and peers.
e. Managers who look like they are working hard raise workers' anxiety.
Question 2
Which of the following is most likely to help a manager increase his or her span of control?
a. shifting responsibilities to staff departments
b. adopt Theory Z
c. eliminate the position of one or two supervisors who currently report to the manager
d. substitute machines for the work of several workers
e. develop an additional layer of hierarchy above the manager
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