Good grades are reinforcing to some students but not to others. Someone explaining this fact from an operant conditioning perspective would say that good grades are most likely to be reinforcers to students who:
a. Come from middle- or upper-income families
b. Have been told that good grades can help them get a scholarship
c. Have previously associated grades with other reinforcers
d. Have never received a grade above C
Question 2
Operant conditioning theorists use the term reinforcement rather than reward because:
a. The term reward implies a consequence that others would judge to be desirable.
b. One type of reinforcement (negative reinforcement) is actually a form of punishment.
c. The term reward can refer only to a material reinforcer.
d. The term reward can refer only to a social reinforcer.
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