Answer to Question 1
Taylor's four principles of scientific management are:
1. Scientifically study each part of a task and develop the best method of performing the task.
2. Carefully select workers and train them to perform the tasks by using the scientifically developed method.
3. Cooperate fully with workers to ensure that they use the proper method.
4. Divide work and responsibility so that management is responsible for planning work methods using scientific principles and workers are responsible for executing the work accordingly.
Answer to Question 2
Adam Smith was the first to recognize the principle of division of labor in the manufacturing environment. His work with the division of labor for pin workers was responsible for significant gains in the output of factories. This work laid the foundation of scientific management.
chemical management
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Introduction to Management Science, 13th Edition
Taylor's Series
Scientific Method Review