Answer to Question 1
Managerial control involves two types of managerial activity. Strategic control is when managers work with other managers to ensure that together they carry out organizational strategies as a whole. Task control is focused on the efficient and effective execution of specific tasks of individuals and work teams. Here the interaction is primarily between managers and non-managers, in which both work to ensure that the work procedures are followed. The interaction can also be between humans and machines, in which the human attempts to control the output of the machine according to predetermined specifications. Control can work the opposite way, too. When human labor is dependent on the machine, the machine acts as a control on employee behaviors. For example, managers set the controls on the speed of a moving assembly line. The speed of the line acts as a control on the line workers who must keep up their pace.
Answer to Question 2
B
The Dugong is an endangered species; the largest remaining population is found in Australian waters
Hormonal control of the male reproductive hormones
Three types of urine tests for checking patients’ urine for diabetes.
Feedback control of the adrenal cortex.
Control of lipolysis in adipose cells by a cAMP-mediated cascade system
Where’s the Saturated Fat in Your Foods? Saturated fat is found in animal products, tropical oils