The ________ captures the idea that careers are not tied to a ...

[moongchi]

The ________ captures the idea that careers are not tied to a single organization and that people will have a variety of work experiences in different organizations over the course of their working lives.
 
  A) evolutionary career
  B) multi-phase career
  C) nontraditional career
  D) boundaryless career

Question 2

Even though scientific management has been instrumental in helping organizations improve employee effectiveness and productivity, some disadvantages of this approach have become apparent. Discuss these disadvantages.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[ergserg]

Answer to Question 1

D

Answer to Question 2

Employees are intelligent human beings who have the capacity to be intrinsically as well as extrinsically motivated and like to have control over their work. Intrinsically motivated employees enjoy performing their jobs; the motivation comes from the work itself. However, scientific management focuses exclusively on extrinsic motivation and ignores the important role of intrinsic motivation. This narrow focus results in several disadvantages for employees and the organizations trying to motivate them.

First, employees may feel that they have lost control over their work behaviors. With its careful, exact specification of how a simple, repetitive, specialized task should be performed, and how long it should take, scientific management leaves no room for employees to feel that they have control over their actions. Second, employees tend to feel as if they are part of a machine and that they are being treated as such. Because they view their work as depersonalized, meaningless, and monotonous, their job satisfaction may decline. This decline, in turn, can lead to lower work-life quality and potential increases in absenteeism and turnover. Third, employees have no opportunity to develop and acquire new skills with job simplification and specification.