Answer to Question 1
True
Answer to Question 2
Under Theory X, the four assumptions held by managers are that: employees inherently dislike work; they must be coerced to achieve desired goals; they will shirk responsibilities; and most workers will display little ambition. Theory Y's assumptions are that: employees can view work as being as natural as rest or play; they will exercise self-direction and self-control, learn to accept (even seek) responsibility, and make good decisions.