Answer to Question 1
Genetic heritage seems to make some difference in the acquisition of at least some kinds of expertise. Studies of the heritability of reading disabilities, for example, seem to point to a strong role for genetic factors in people with a reading disability. Furthermore, differences in the phonological awareness required for reading ability could be a factor in reading for which individual differences are at least partially genetic. In general, even if the role of practice is found to account for much of the expertise shown in a given domain, the contributions of genetic factors to the remaining portion of expertise could make some difference in a world of intense competition.
Answer to Question 2
Well-structured problems have clear paths to solutions. These problems also are termed well-defined problems. An example would be, How do you find the area of a parallelogram? Ill-structured problems lack clear paths to solutions.
genetics
The amyloid-β peptide, which plays a major role in Alzheimer’s disease
Mastering Genetics Chap 2
Role of PKM-zeta in Long-Lasting Long-Term Potentiation
Role of Ras protein in a central growth factor activation pathway
Outgroup role in relative rate test