Answer to Question 1
Answer: 1; 3; 4
Rationale:
The 63-year-old nurse and 25-year-old nurse: These nurses represent two different generations, which has the potential to be a communication barrier.
Two female staff nurses talking after work: Two same-gender colleagues talking represent no apparent communication barriers, as they as the same gender and same level.
An Asian nursing student attending in the U.S.: This situation represents a potential communication barrier related to cultural differences.
A staff nurse discussing changing policies with the manager: When two people on different levels are in communication, there is a potential barrier related to these different roles.
A nursing supervisor talking with another supervisor: These nursing supervisors talking represent no apparent communication barrier. as they are on equal levels.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: 4
Rationale: The fourth and highest level of communication is competent and unconscious discussion, which is represented by the two nurses discussing patient care in a quiet, undisturbed place. Two nurses discussing patient care while going to the cafeteria is most likely a level one communication, as neither see it as ineffective. The night shift nurse hearing the patient information via recording without the day nurse remaining for questions is an example of level one communication, as there is no regard for the listener's reaction. The day and night nurse talking with the care provider interruption is at best level two communication, as they both probably realize the interruption can cause a disturbance in the meaning on the messages.