Answer to Question 1
Negative reinforcement and punishment are similar in that they both involve aversive stimuli. However, for negative reinforcement, the aversive stimulus is present prior to the occurrence of the target behavior, and for punishment, the aversive stimulus follows the occurrence of problem behavior. In addition, negative reinforcement produces an increase in the future occurrence of the target behavior, whereas punishment produces a decrease in the future occurrence of the target behavior.
Answer to Question 2
Answer should include: Three situations include when a planned reversal is not desired or possible, limited resources preclude a full-scale multiple baseline design, and a new behavior, setting, or subject appropriate for a multiple baseline analysis becomes available.
The bacterial cell wall: (a) gram-positive bacterium; (b) gram-negative bacterium.
The cell wall of a Gram-negative bacterium, E. coli
Punishment
A very light ideal spring stretches by when it is used to hang a 135-N object. What is the ...
Negative Feedback and Temperature Control