Answer to Question 1
Growing need for housing and food.
Clearing of wilderness land (weather pattern changes).
Threat of famine.
Closer contact of humans with disease-carrying organisms as land is cleared.
Transportation enables quicker spread of exotic diseases.
Answer to Question 2
Inquire about the need for an X-ray.
Don't refuse to have an X-ray taken that is medically indicated because of concerns about exposure to radiation.
Inform your doctor or medical technician if you are pregnant or suspect you might be.
Make sure that your reproductive organs are covered or shielded from X-ray beams.
Make sure a copy of your X-rays is kept safely on file.