Answer to Question 1
Answer: Lose weight or maintain a healthy weight; eat right (decrease saturated fats and trans fats, reduce portion sizes, increase fruit and vegetables, increase whole grains and fiber, decrease sodium, etc.); exercise at least 30 minutes a day five days a week; avoid smoking; limit or stop drinking alcohol; get adequate sleep; find ways to reduce stress. Individuals with a family history of diabetes should have regular medical check-ups.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: Type 1 is a genetic autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system attacks the insulin-making cells of the pancreas. This results in a rapid decrease inor total cessation ofinsulin production. Type 2 diabetes develops slowly over time and is related to genetics and biology, age, ethnicity, and lifestyle factors, especially overweight and obesity, low levels of physical activity, a poor diet, inadequate sleep, and stress. Over time, although production of insulin may be increased, cells become resistant to its effects, Hyperproduction of insulin damages the pancreas and insulin output eventually declines, causing a persistent rise in blood glucose. A person with type 1 diabetes must take insulin injections. A person with type 2 can sometimes control it through lifestyle changes and, if necessary, oral medications. In some cases, they must inject insulin.
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