Answer to Question 1
a. the Tuskegee syphilis study that left men untreated even after effective treatments had been developed
b. University of Cincinnati researchers exposed terminally ill cancer patients to whole body radiation in research designed to learn how military personnel exposed to radiation might be affected
c. researchers at MIT, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Boston University School of Medicine administered radioactive substances to retarded children without informing either the parents or the children
d. researchers at the Duke Medical Center failed to study adequately the risks associated with simulations of behaviors at 30,000 feet and failed to provide the participant with appropriate informed consent
e. physicians recruited patients for participation in research of diseases of the prostate gland; the physicians were paid by a corporation for recruiting some participants who did not have prostate disease.
Answer to Question 2
1 . The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reciommended that mercury-containing preservatives be removed from vaccination because of possible mercury poisoning.
2 . Parents of autistic children became active in advocating for their children.
3 . The belief that symptoms of autism, which can resemble mercury poisoning, were due to the mercury in the vaccinations.
The research subsequent to the study by Wakefield found no link between mercury (or vaccinations) and autism. Even when mercury was removed from the vaccines, the incidence of autism was increasing.
Examples of convergent evolution.
Examples of plant movements.
Striking examples where high surface area releases heat.
Line analysis of Gustave Caillebotte, Place de l'Europe on a Rainy Day.
Examples of Basic-Level, Subordinate, and Superordinate Concepts
Research Methods: A Process of Inquiry