Which of the following pharmacologic therapies can be used for ...

[CQXA]

Which of the following pharmacologic therapies can be used for the relief of patient pain? I. opioids II. nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs III. neuromuscular blockade IV. calcium channel blockers
 
  A. II, III only
  B. III, IV only
  C. I, II, III only
  D. I, III, IV only

Question 2

The therapist is working with a mechanically ventilated patient who has uncontrolled pain. Which of the following concerns should the therapist have regarding this patient?
 
  A. developing a nosocomial infection
  B. experiencing obstructive sleep apnea
  C. demonstrating bronchospasm
  D. developing a coagulopathy

[mfedorka]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
A. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
C. Correct response: If pain relief cannot be achieved via positioning, or removal of physical irritants (e.g., endotracheal tube malposition), pharmacologic therapies should be instituted. These therapies include opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and neural blockades.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation C.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
A. Correct response: Uncontrolled pain can lead to hyperglycemia, which can adversely affect the immune system by decreasing chemotaxis and phagocytosis by neutrophils. Therefore uncontrolled pain may significantly increase the risk for developing nosocomial infections, particularly ventilator associated pneumonia.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation A.

[CQXA]

Wow, this really help

[kthug]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it