The nurse explains to the client with HIV infection that HIV ...

[LaDunn]

The nurse explains to the client with HIV infection that HIV infection compromises the body's immune mechanism, thus predisposing the client to a number of opportunistic infections. Which of the following cells does HIV specifically invade?
 
  A) Erythrocytes
  B) Granulocytes
  C) Lymphocytes
  D) Platelets

Question 2

A client with complaints of frequent and increased urination is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The electrolyte report of the client is as follows: sodium, 150 mEq/L; potassium, 4.5 mEq/L; calcium, 5.2 mEq/L; and chloride, 96 mEq/L.
 
  The client is reported to have hypernatremia. The physician instructs the nurse to modify the diet accordingly. What dietary restriction should the nurse recommend in the diet plan for this client? A) Potassium
  B) Calcium
  C) Chloride
  D) Sodium

[connor417]

Answer to Question 1

C
Feedback:
The nurse should know that HIV specifically invades and depletes the helper T4 lymphocytes, also called the CD4 lymphocytes. Depletion of lymphocytes reduces the immunity of the individual. The HIV virus does not invade erythrocytes, granulocytes, or platelets.

Answer to Question 2

D
Feedback:
The nurse should recommend a sodium restricted diet. Sodium restriction is required because the electrolyte report of the client indicates the presence of hypernatremia. Hypernatremia is an elevation of the blood sodium levels. Potassium level, calcium, and chloride levels are within the normal range and hence no dietary restriction for these minerals is required.