If a lateral lumbar spine reveals the L5-S1 joint space to be ...

[jho37]

If a lateral lumbar spine reveals the L5-S1 joint space to be closed off, what must be applied in order to successfully image the L5-S1 intervertebral space open?
 
 use a perpendicular central ray
  angle the central ray 5 degrees caudal
  angle the central ray 5 degrees cephalic
  angle the central ray 10 degrees caudal

Question 2

What is the purpose of a cumulative timer during fluoroscopy?
 
 alerts the occupational worker of the length of time live radiation has been produced
  terminates the exposure
  eliminates lengthy exams
  reduces technologist exposure

[Ashley I]

Answer to Question 1

angle the central ray 5 degrees caudal

Rationale: If the L5-S1 disk space is closed as evidenced on the lateral lumbar projection, a 5-7 degree caudal tube angle should be applied to direct the beam parallel to this disk space.

Answer to Question 2

alerts the occupational worker of the length of time live radiation has been produced

Rationale: The cumulative timer for image intensification or fluoroscopy will alert audibly every 5 minutes and then be required to be reset. This timer helps to remind occupational workers of the radiation time and must be recorded for patient exams.

[jho37]

Gracias!

[adammoses97]

TYSM