Author Question: Prenatal development is influenced by both nature and nurture. Describe at least two ways in which ... (Read 88 times)

kodithompson · **on:** Jun 20, 2018

Prenatal development is influenced by both nature and nurture. Describe at least two ways in which nature is involved and at least two ways in which nurture is also involved in prenatal physical development.

What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

Here is a typical school day for Sabrina, who is a tenth grader: Wake up at 6:00 to arrive at school by 7:00 for orchestra practice. Attend classes from 8:00 to 3:00, changing classes every hour. After school, go to choir practice and then to either dance lessons or a part-time job, depending on the day. Fill in any free time before dinner (which is usually around 8:00) watching television or talking on the phone. After dinner, complete several hours of homework and engage in instant-messaging on the Internet with friends. Be in bed by midnight. Is this schedule consistent with good physical health?

a. No, Sabrina should add at least an hour of physical exercise each day.
b. No, Sabrina is not getting enough sleep.
c. Yes, Sabrina's busy schedule assures plenty of exercise, and dinner at home assures good nutrition.
d. Yes, Sabrina is benefiting from the many opportunities available to her and is old enough to cope with the demands of this schedule.

cclemon1 · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 20, 2018

Answer to Question 1

The response should include at least two ideas each from the nature and nurture lists below (or reasonable facsimiles):
Nature
Genes determine many physical characteristics (e.g., hair and eye color, skin tone, height).
Genetic abnormalities can lead to physical or mental disabilities.
Various body structures develop in a highly predictable (canalized) manner that is driven by genetic instructions.
Some aspects of prenatal development are susceptible to environmental conditions (e.g., exposure to rubella) only at particular points in time (reflecting sensitive periods). Sensitive periods reflect both nature and nurture.
Nurture
The quality of nutrition affects genes' ability to carry out their work.
Environmental toxins (teratogens) may interfere with normal development.
In the final weeks of the prenatal period, fetuses have some capacity to recognize and remember certain sounds and tastes to which they're exposed while still in the womb.
Good medical care increases the probability that a healthy baby will be born.
In some instances surgery can correct structural abnormalities in a growing fetus.
Some aspects of prenatal development are susceptible to environmental conditions (e.g., exposure to rubella) only at particular points in time (reflecting sensitive periods). Sensitive periods reflect both nature and nurture.

Answer to Question 2

B