Answer to Question 1
Red mites, Dermanyssus gallinaerestlessnes s, scratching, and picking
Feather mites, Knemidocoptes laevisrestlessness, severe scratching, feather picking, skin irritation
Scaly face and leg mites, Knemidocoptes pilaewhite, scaly deposits
Answer to Question 2
(a) Sick birds will sit on the perch with one or both wings drooped and their tails pointed downward.
(b) Ill birds stand unsteadily on their perches, and they are restless, shifting weight between legs or favoring
one leg.
(c) Runny feces could indicate a digestive ailment.
(d) Fluffed feathers could indicate that the bird is trying to retain body heat; the bird may be very ill.
(e) Lack of activity or failure to fly may indicate an ailment.
(f) Eyes that are continually closed or have discharges are signs of ailments.
(g) Irregular or difficult breathing, wheezing, or noisy breathing could indicate a respiratory ailment.
(h) Loss of appetite or failure to eat may indicate an ailment.
Internal and external hemmorrhoids.
Kiwi Bird Skeleton
Yin Hong, Hundreds of Birds Admiring the Peacocks, Ming dynasty.
Example of the Index to External Causes.
Comparing Signs and Symptoms of Cold, Allergy, and the Flu
Bird being tested for West Nile virus.