Maria learns to tie her shoe by watching her older sister successfully tie her own shoe. Rather than shaping Maria's behavior by using reinforcements, Bandura's social learning theory relies on:
a. vicarious learning.
b. negative reinforcement.
c. enactive learning.
d. information processing.
Question 2
When children are in the stages of initiative versus guilt and industry versus inferiority, teachers and families can take steps that encourage positive resolution of these psychosocial crises. All of the following are recommended EXCEPT:
a. Provide support to children when they seem discouraged and think about giving up.
b. Make sure they have a chance to experience success in games and school activities.
c. Encourage children to engage in make-believe with a wide variety of roles.
d. Assist children when they attempt to do things independently and help them avoid mistakes and accidents.
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