Answer to Question 1
A
According to cognitive theory, the depressed client accepts a view of him- or herself and the world that allows for dysfunctional thoughts, painful emotions, and maladaptive behaviors. The therapist assists the client in learning to see the world differently to come to adopt a healthier and more functional self-image.
Answer to Question 2
C
According to Seligman, helplessness is defined as the sense that one has no control over life events. He suggested that it is not any situation that causes depression, but rather it is the individual's belief that there is nothing either the individual or anyone else can do to make things better. Learned helplessness is caused by a series of reinforcers in one's environment that serve to take control away from the individual.
The surgical nurse assists the client into the correct position
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Using small, circular strokes, exfoliate the client’s neck and back.